Write the resonance structures of phenol (which is similar to that of chlorobenzene) and explain why it does not form chlorobenzene on reaction with PCI5 Explain whether phenol can be dehydrated on heating with catalytic amounts of conc. H2SO4.
Due to resonance, carbon-oxygen bond develops a slight double bond character. Therefore, it is not easy to replace —OH in phenols by Cl.
No, phenols cannot be dehydrated on heating with small amount of conc. H2SO4. Instead, phenols with conc. H2SO4 undergoes sulphonation.
Give a chemical test to distinguish between: 2-pentanol and 3-pentanol.
This compound has a CH3C = O group.
Therefore, it will form iodoform (CHI3) with iodine and alkali on warming. Iodoform is a yellow crystalline substance.
3-pentanol does not show this test.
Account for the following:
Alcohols with three or less carbons are water-soluble while alcohols with five or more carbons are insoluble.
Account for the following:
tert-butanol is more volatile than n-butanol.
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